Monday, March 11, 2013

Ethernet cable and cross wired cable


Ethernet cables connect network devices such as computers, modems, routers, and adapters. They transmit data using the Ethernet protocol. Ethernet cables have RJ-45 jacks on both ends, each with 8 pins.
Some Ethernet cable wires criss-cross internally, others are straight through, meaning that pin 1 is wired to pin 1 on the other end, etc
There are two standards, 568A used in most cases in U.S.A. and 568B, used mostly in Europe.



An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of Ethernet able used to connect computing devices together directly. Normal straight through or patch cables were used to connect from a host network interface controller (a computer or similar device) to a network switch, hub or router. A cable with connections that "cross over" was used to connect two devices of the same type: two hosts or two switches to each other. Owing to the inclusion of Auto-MDIX capability, modern implementations of the Ethernet over twisted pair standards usually no longer require the use of crossover cables. 


To make a 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T crossover cable you need to have one end with EIA/TIA-568B and the other EIA/TIA-568A.

To make a 1000BASE-T crossover cable (also 100BASE-T and 10BASE-T) you need to cross all the pairs.
Introduced in 1998, this made the distinction between uplink and normal ports and manual selector switches on older hubs and switches obsolete.
If one or both of two connected devices has the automatic MDI/MDI-X configuration feature there is no need for crossover cables.

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